How do people track BTC that hasn't been moved from a wallet since X amount of years if every time I deposit more into my Ledger, it's a different address every time?

Title. Lately I've been seeing some people ask questions that I've always wondered about. Figured I would start asking some of them as well every now and then.

Would someone mind explaining to me how my BTC is in the same place yet how it also has a bunch of different addresses?

I think I recall seeing a thread just the other day that talked about how sending to one of those older addresses will still somehow put it into your wallet because you have an insane amount of addresses or something.

So how exactly does the wallet/address relationship work?

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